Pastorelas or Shepherd's Plays are theatrical events which developed because of Catholicism, that are still presently staged throughout the holiday season by both amateur and professional groups. The Pastorelas (going to Bethlehem to adore baby Jesus) is another custom of Catholicism which began in the thirteenth century during the time of Pope Cornelius I. Because of his concern with the people's lack of knowledge of the bible, he devised a plan to teach them through theater. He informed different leaders of the world that he wanted to act out different chapters of the bible, but narrowed it down to the life of Christ.

Upon receiving news of the Pope's plan, the leaders made their decisions. Ireland selected the thirteenth year of Jesus' life when people found out his true gift. Germany chose the death of Jesus, known as the passion plays, which are still performed every seven years. In Spain, the Catholic king chose the birth of Jesus acting out what is known as the shepherd's play. All pastorelas were held indoors in the church with a railing around the altar.